Electronegativity and Polarity

Electrostatic Force
Is a force that exists between charged particles
-Opposite charges attract
-Like charges repel
-The greater the distance between forces => lesser force
-The lesser the distance between forces => greater force
- The force operates equally in all directions


Ionic Bonds
-Electrons are transferred
cations- positive ion
anion- negative ion
Bonds are formed in the shape of crystal lattice
These are very strong bonds and therefore have a high melting point

Covalent Bonds
-electrons are shared
-intramolecular covalent bonds are held together by intermolecular forces (weak)

-Intra forces are found within, they hold atoms of a molecule together (strong)
-Inter forces are forces between molecules (weak)

Electronegativity
-Is the tendency to attract electrons => determines what type of bond will form
- Pauling Scale from 0.7-> 4.0
ENeg difference = abs(ENeg1-ENeg2)
ENeg difference will determine the type of bond formed

Polarity
electrical imbalance=> polar
When ENeg difference is less than 0.5 it is non-polar covalent
When ENeg difference is between 0.5 and 1.8 it is polar covalent
All other ENeg differences are ionic so non-polar

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=faa5oHr8i8w
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kj3o0XvhVqQ